Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Cultural Linguistic Doctoral Program. We hypothesize that sagittal gestures are more frequent in non-directional metaphors because the speaker needs to establish a clear temporal point by gesturing, since such information is not linguistically indicated. However, contrary to expectation, a sagittal gesture is more likely to be triggered by non-directional linguistic items (37%) than by directional ones (19%). This is congruent with the linguistic terms used, since items such as back or ahead are linked to the sagittal axis rather than to the lateral one. For example, lateral gestures are more likely to be performed in non-spatial language (72%) rather than directional (59%) or non-directional (64%) language. This has been found to be the preferred axis, though other axes are also employed in gesture realization (sagittal and vertical), in a proportion which has been observed to depend on the specific type of temporal category. Our results provide support for previous hypotheses, for instance, the tendency reported in the literature for English speakers to create online timelines on the lateral axis when conceptualizing time. All the data was qualitatively analyzed by two different coders to ensure its attestability. We collected a total of 469 temporal co-speech gestures, divided among the three categories (127 for non-spatial, 146 for spatial directional and 196 for spatial non-directional expressions). Data was obtained through the NewsScape Library, a multimodal corpus which contains more than 10 years of television news and talk shows and allows us to gather high-quality, natural data. The aim of the study is to determine whether or not there is a difference in co-speech gestures (and thus, a different conceptualization) among these different categories. The first category involves temporal expressions that do not employ spatial language (earlier, later) and are thus non-metaphoric the other two consist of spatial temporal metaphors (that is, temporal expressions which include spatial language), which are further subdivided into directional expressions, that is, spatial expressions which mention explicitly the direction as in back in those days or months ahead, and non-directional spatial expressions such as distant past or near future, which include spatial terms -distant, near- but do not make reference to a specific spatial location. The temporal expressions examined belong to three different categories. Abstract: In this study, we compare the co-speech gestures triggered by a number of English temporal expressions as a means of finding out about English speakers’ conceptualization of time. Title: Temporal co-speech gestures: A comparison between spatial and non-spatial temporal expressions. Lancaster University University of Murcia.
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